Demographic Transition in Ethiopia: Evidences from 1990 to 2016 Achievements

Amare Sewnet Minale, Bahir Dar University

Since 1990s Ethiopia has been experiencing demographic transitions as result of the country’s efforts that have been made on reducing fertility and mortality rates through improving socio-economic changes. The study used data from research findings, policy documents, development plans and program reports, and analyses of censuses and surveys. Modern contraceptive use among women of 15-49 years rose from 4 percent in 1990 to 35 percent in 2016. The total fertility declined from 7.7 children in 1990 to 4.6 children in 2016. Life expectancy at birth rose from 46 years old in 1990 to 63 years in 2016. A range of legal, policy and institutional frameworks have been developed and implemented on population and gender equity, equality and the empowerment of women. Furthermore, continued efforts have to be made to reduce the population growth rate and total fertility and to improve the living conditions of the society.