Which Policies Promote a Demographic Dividend? An Evidence Review

Kaitlyn Patierno, Population Reference Bureau
Smita Gaith, Population Reference Bureau
Elizabeth Leahy Madsen, Population Reference Bureau (PRB)

The demographic dividend (DD) has captivated the attention of policymakers globally. Policymakers in high-fertility countries are seeking guidance on specific actions that will help their countries achieve the DD. To help countries prioritize investments, this review assesses the literature on specific policy interventions across sectors that explicitly contribute to achievement of a DD. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed, including seven studies quantifying the contribution of policy interventions to the DD and four qualitative policy assessments. Our review of the literature suggests that evidence around the contribution of specific policy changes to attainment of the DD is limited. This is an important area for further study, as policymakers continue to seek evidence-based recommendations to inform decision-making. As countries incorporate the DD into national development strategies, it is important to continue to build and clearly articulate the evidence base for policy recommendations.