Incidence and Treatments of Tuberculosis among Male Patients in Nigeria: The Role of Social Determinants

Sunday Abatan, Federal University Oye
Adesoji Ogunsakin, Federal University Oye Ekiti

TB remains the most common cause of infectious disease deaths worldwide. This study focused on the male socio-demographic driver that influences TB transmission and treatment outcome. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out using records of all patients seen at the Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) Clinic of the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, in year (2011-2016) & In-depth interview from 20 TB patients. Frequency tables and cross tabulations were generated and a p-value of less than 0.05 was statistically significant. Successful treatment outcomes were seen in 73.6% of cases. Of those with poor treatment outcome, 23.6%, 2.2%, and 0.5% were defaulters, died and treatment failure respectively. Factors that affected the TB transmission were age, occupation, smoking, wealth status, HIV infection while the factor that drive the treatment outcome positively include early diagnosis, HIV co-infection treatment. Early diagnosis of HIV, safe sex and importance of social determinants are crucial in achieving END TB strategies 2020 milestone.